Intro to Chemistry

Today in chemistry, we used pennies, a vinegar-water-salt solution, matboard to construct a battery to power an LED light. We started by first collecting five pennies and shaved the copper off of the tails side. We then created a vinegar/salt solution in which we dipped the matboard into. To construct our battery, we would place a penny shaved side up, then place a soaked piece of matboard on top of it. Finally we placed an unshaven intact penny at the top of the stack and place an LED on each end of our battery. Our end result lit up, causing us to then question the factors that caused this. for example, we placed more pennies onto the battery which ultimately made the LED light up brighter. In this lab I think that the solution soaked onto the matboard was a source of chemical energy and conductivity through acetic acid, sodium, chloride, and water, which was converted into an electrical current and passed through the pennies zinc and copper makeup, then finally through the lea...

Sodium Calcium Lithium Start color for all elements All elements total  Aluminum and Magnesium Analysis - From this lab I learned that different elements have different reactions when placed in an acidic solution. Sodium and Lithium reacted the fastest quickly changing the color from an acid which is red to a base which is the color blue. The other 2 elements, Magnesium and Calcium took much longer but eventually turned the red liquid to blue. Aluminum never turned from red to blue.  What causes this reaction is when an element is placed in the acidic solution causing it to loose one of its valence electrons. What went wrong - first the lab took a very long time to actually record all the results a total of three days. Second the lab was very dangerous. Third there was unmeasured amounts of each element throwing off some of the accuracy.

The unknown mendelian belongs in the third row and 15th group lying along where the element phosphorus is placed. Questions    Analysis:  Mendelians represent a specific element upon the periodic table. Amount/ type of fingers, hair, clothing, body shape, and arms gives properties of different elements.  How these factors actually identify an element is explained to the right-->

 Borh's atomic model attributes hydrogen's emission spectrum to electrons dropping from higher energy to lower energy orbits.  The quantum mechanical model assumes that electrons have wave properties Electrons occupy three dimensional regions of space called atomic orbitals. 

Analysis: 1)   it's known that all the compounds tested contain chlorine. Therefore it is safe to assume that the other elements the compounds tested are all different. This is because each element has its own line spectra, which is the color seen when it's tested on a spectrogram. 2)  Atomic emission spectra  are created when  atoms  of an  element  have energy added to them (by heating, or running electric current through an  emission  tube filled with a gas). With the naked eye, you see a single color of light (which is the sum total of all the colors of light produced by a given element )   3) Element 1: Orange-green: Possibly could have been Barium Element 2: Orange: Possibly could have been Strontium Element 3 : Orange-Pink: Possibly could have been Lithium Element 4: Orange-purple: Possibly could have been Potassium Element 5: Orange: Possibly could have been Calcium Element 6 : Pink: Possibly could have been Radium

Covalent bonds form Creating shared electrons A non- metal bond